Menopause is a single point in time — 12 months after your last period — but the transition leading up to it, perimenopause, can last years and is when most symptoms occur. It’s a normal life stage, and there’s a lot you can do to feel better.
Common symptoms
- Irregular periods and changes in flow
- Hot flashes and night sweats
- Sleep problems, mood changes, and anxiety
- Brain fog and difficulty concentrating
- Vaginal dryness and changes in libido
- Skin and hair changes
Timeline
Perimenopause often begins in the mid-40s but can start earlier. Cycles become irregular before stopping. Menopause before 40 is called premature menopause and warrants medical review. Tracking your cycles and symptoms helps you and your clinician see the pattern and time treatment.
What helps
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is the most effective treatment for many symptoms for suitable candidates, and the benefits and risks should be discussed individually with a clinician. Non-hormonal options, strength training for bone and muscle, a hormone-supportive diet, good sleep, and targeted skincare for changing skin all help. A menopause-aware provider can tailor a plan.
For readers in United States
In the US, the privacy of reproductive-health data is a key consideration — choose apps and providers that are transparent about how your data is stored and shared, and confirm options with your healthcare provider or insurer.