Menopause is a single point in time — 12 months after your last period — but the transition leading up to it, perimenopause, can last years and is when most symptoms occur. It’s a normal life stage, and there’s a lot you can do to feel better.
Common symptoms
- Irregular periods and changes in flow
- Hot flashes and night sweats
- Sleep problems, mood changes, and anxiety
- Brain fog and difficulty concentrating
- Vaginal dryness and changes in libido
- Skin and hair changes
Timeline
Perimenopause often begins in the mid-40s but can start earlier. Cycles become irregular before stopping. Menopause before 40 is called premature menopause and warrants medical review. Tracking your cycles and symptoms helps you and your clinician see the pattern and time treatment.
What helps
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is the most effective treatment for many symptoms for suitable candidates, and the benefits and risks should be discussed individually with a clinician. Non-hormonal options, strength training for bone and muscle, a hormone-supportive diet, good sleep, and targeted skincare for changing skin all help. A menopause-aware provider can tailor a plan.
For readers in United Kingdom
In the UK, much of this care is available through the NHS as well as privately, and UK GDPR gives you rights over your health data, including access and erasure.